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電子元器件高溫老化車間設計標準
更新時間:2022-03-25   點擊次數:2456次

在正(zheng)(zheng)規(gui)的(de)工(gong)業化生產中,都設有(you)專門的(de)元(yuan)(yuan)器件(jian)篩選老化檢測(ce)(ce)車間,備(bei)(bei)有(you)許(xu)多通用和(he)專用的(de)篩選檢測(ce)(ce)裝備(bei)(bei)和(he)儀(yi)器,但對(dui)于(yu)業余(yu)電子愛好(hao)者來說,不(bu)可能具(ju)備(bei)(bei)這些條(tiao)件(jian),即使如(ru)此,也(ye)絕不(bu)可以放棄(qi)對(dui)元(yuan)(yuan)器件(jian)的(de)篩選和(he)檢測(ce)(ce)工(gong)作(zuo),因為許(xu)多電子愛好(hao)者所用的(de)電子元(yuan)(yuan)器件(jian)是(shi)郵購來的(de),其中有(you)正(zheng)(zheng)品,也(ye)有(you)次(ci)品,更(geng)多的(de)是(shi)業余(yu)品或利用品,如(ru)在安裝之(zhi)前不(bu)對(dui)它(ta)們進(jin)行篩選檢測(ce)(ce),一旦焊入(ru)印刷電路(lu)板(ban)上,發(fa)現(xian)電路(lu)不(bu)能正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo),再(zai)去(qu)(qu)檢查,不(bu)僅浪費很多時間和(he)精力(li),而且拆來拆去(qu)(qu)很容易損壞元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)及印刷電路(lu)板(ban)。

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一(yi)(yi)般電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)元(yuan)(yuan)器(qi)(qi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)廠家采用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)老(lao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)篩選項目一(yi)(yi)般有:高(gao)溫存儲(chu)老(lao)化(hua)(hua)(hua);高(gao)低(di)溫循環老(lao)化(hua)(hua)(hua);高(gao)低(di)溫沖(chong)擊老(lao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)和高(gao)溫功(gong)率老(lao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)等(deng)。其中(zhong)高(gao)溫功(gong)率老(lao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)是(shi)給試驗(yan)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)元(yuan)(yuan)器(qi)(qi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)通電(dian)(dian),模擬實際(ji)工作條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),再(zai)加上+80℃~+180℃的(de)(de)高(gao)溫經歷(li)幾(ji)個小(xiao)時,它是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)對(dui)元(yuan)(yuan)器(qi)(qi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)多種(zhong)潛在(zai)故障(zhang)都(dou)有檢驗(yan)作用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)有效(xiao)措施,也(ye)是(shi)目前(qian)采用(yong)(yong)得最(zui)多的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)方(fang)法。對(dui)于(yu)業(ye)余(yu)愛(ai)好者來(lai)說,在(zai)單件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)制(zhi)作過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong),是(shi)不太可能采取這些(xie)方(fang)法進行(xing)老(lao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)檢測(ce)的(de)(de),在(zai)大多數情況下,采用(yong)(yong)了自然(ran)老(lao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)方(fang)式。例如使用(yong)(yong)前(qian)將元(yuan)(yuan)器(qi)(qi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)存放(fang)一(yi)(yi)段(duan)時間(jian),讓(rang)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)元(yuan)(yuan)器(qi)(qi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)自然(ran)地經歷(li)夏(xia)季高(gao)溫和冬季低(di)溫的(de)(de)考驗(yan),然(ran)后再(zai)來(lai)檢測(ce)它們的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)性能,看(kan)是(shi)否符合使用(yong)(yong)要求,優存劣汰。對(dui)于(yu)一(yi)(yi)些(xie)急用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)元(yuan)(yuan)器(qi)(qi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),也(ye)可采用(yong)(yong)簡易(yi)電(dian)(dian)老(lao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)方(fang)式,用(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)臺輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)可調的(de)(de)脈(mo)動直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan),使加在(zai)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)元(yuan)(yuan)器(qi)(qi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)兩(liang)端的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)略高(gao)于(yu)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)額定值(zhi)的(de)(de)工作電(dian)(dian)壓(ya),調整流(liu)過(guo)(guo)元(yuan)(yuan)器(qi)(qi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)強度,使其功(gong)率為1.5~2倍額定功(gong)率,通電(dian)(dian)幾(ji)分鐘甚至更長時間(jian),利(li)用(yong)(yong)元(yuan)(yuan)器(qi)(qi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)自身(shen)的(de)(de)特性而發(fa)熱升溫,完成簡易(yi)老(lao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)過(guo)(guo)程。

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